Evidence

The identified risk factors associated with poorer outcomes for surgery and anaesthesia are listed below.  Each page caries some evidence for the risks.  It is often difficult to extrapolate as research usually targets a specific question so it might be such as “does smoking in older women affect wound infection outcomes in cardiac surgery in Canada” (just a random example) and thereafter assumptions made to see if there is wider relevance.  i’ve tried to get national consensus statements where possible.

Alcohol

Anaemia

Diabetes

Hypertension / Blood Pressure (BP)

Smoking

Weight

Un-identified Obstructive Sleep Apnoea can also lead to problems and is better off identified beforehand.